Review of technological design options for building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV)

This paper reviews and analyzes technological design options, which have become available to date for BIPV systems on roofs facades, independently of specific products or building projects. means that this survey does not analyze existing realized buildings, but provides an overview the technologies BIPV. The starting point is analysis relevance decarbonization energy systems, providing direct use electricity sector coupling together with German market. presents wide range technical options categorizes them provide a structured overview. comprises detailed modules, in only PV cell layer were comprehensively investigated, also different variants embedding materials, front rear cover additional interlayers electrical module layout. Two fundamental module-level investigated particular detail: cells as basic elements patterns color conceal cells. Subsequently, complete are reviewed, ranging from sub-module level parameters systems. Design constructional integration modules envelope review possibilities.